Osgood-Schlatter and Sever’s Disease: Managing Sports-Related Growth Plate Pain

Understanding Growth Plate Pain in Young Athletes

Osgood-Schlatter disease and Sever’s disease are common causes of growth plate pain in active children. These conditions often affect young athletes undergoing growth spurts. Osgood-Schlatter disease causes knee pain, while Sever’s disease leads to heel pain. These conditions are linked to repetitive stress on the growth plates, which are areas of developing bone in growing children.

As a paediatric orthopaedic surgeon, I frequently see children with sports injuries related to Osgood-Schlatter disease and Sever’s disease. The pain can be frustrating for young athletes and their parents. However, early management helps prevent long-term complications.

What is Osgood-Schlatter Disease?

Osgood-Schlatter disease occurs when the growth plate at the top of the shinbone (tibia) becomes inflamed. This happens due to repeated pulling from the quadriceps tendon, which connects the kneecap to the shinbone. It is common in children aged 10 to 15 years, especially those involved in running and jumping sports like football, basketball, and gymnastics.

Symptoms of Osgood-Schlatter Disease

• Pain and swelling at the front of the knee
• Tender lump below the kneecap
• Pain worsens with physical activity
• Stiffness in the knee after rest

Managing Osgood-Schlatter Disease

• Rest and activity modification – Avoid high-impact activities until pain improves
• Ice application – Reduces swelling and pain
• Stretching and strengthening exercises – Focus on quadriceps and hamstrings

• Pain relief medication – Paracetamol or ibuprofen may help
• Knee support or bracing – Provides relief in some cases

Most cases improve with conservative treatment. However, if pain persists, seeking advice from a paediatric orthopaedic surgeon is recommended.

What is Sever’s Disease?

Sever’s disease is a leading cause of heel pain in children. It occurs due to inflammation of the growth plate at the back of the heel bone (calcaneus). This condition is common in active children aged 8 to 14 years, particularly those in sports that involve running and jumping. The repetitive stress from tight calf muscles and excessive impact leads to pain.

Symptoms of Sever’s Disease

• Pain and tenderness at the back of the heel
• Pain worsens with running or jumping
• Stiffness in the foot, especially in the morning
• Limping due to discomfort

Managing Sever’s Disease

• Rest and reduced activity – Limit running and high-impact sports

• Heel cushioning or shoe inserts – Reduces stress on the heel
• Ice application – Helps relieve swelling and discomfort
• Stretching exercises – Focus on calf and Achilles tendon flexibility

• Pain relief medication – If needed, use paracetamol or ibuprofen

Most children recover well with non-surgical treatment. Persistent cases may require a review by an orthopaedic surgeon.

Preventing Growth Plate Injuries in Young Athletes

While Osgood-Schlatter disease and Sever’s disease are common in growing children, some preventive steps can reduce the risk:

• Encourage proper warm-ups and cool-downs before and after sports
• Ensure children wear supportive footwear suitable for their activity

• Promote stretching exercises to maintain muscle flexibility
• Avoid excessive training and ensure adequate rest periods
• Watch for early signs of growth plate pain and address them early

Conclusion

Osgood-Schlatter disease and Sever’s disease are common causes of growth plate pain in active children. These conditions can be managed effectively with rest, physiotherapy, and proper footwear. If pain persists, consulting a paediatric orthopaedic surgeon is crucial to ensure proper treatment. With the right approach, young athletes can recover fully and return to sports safely.